Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. Also, it is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the fifth most populous. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, having a coastline of 7,491 kilometers, and by all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile, covering 47.3% of the South America’s land area. Its official language is Portuguese. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populated city is São Paulo.
Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808, when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. The Grand Master of the three Antique Portuguese Military Orders was transferred to the new empire as well. In 1815, the colony was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. Brazil’s independence from Portugal was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. By this time, it was created the first Brazilian order, the Imperial Order of Pedro I, and years later, it was created its most prestigious order, the Order of the Rose.
The country became a presidential republic in 1889 following a bloodless military coup d'état. The nation participated in both World War I and World War II. An authoritarian military junta came to power in 1964 and ruled until 1985, after which civilian governance resumed. The creation of new orders recognized mainly contributions in Brazilian economy, culture, and justice system.
In Medal Book, as an effort to scheme an accurate historical sequence of Brazil, the country is organized by Orders, Medals & Decorations, and Badges & Insignia.
Gandra, Manuel J. Ordens Luso-Brasileiras e suas Insignias. Instituto Mukharajj Brasilan & Centro Ernesto Soares de Iconografia e Simbólica-Cesdies, Mafra - Rio de Janeiro, 2017.
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