Physical Description

An eight-rayed star. The obverse bears a Maltese cross with ball finials at the points of each arm. The centre of the cross bears a medallion with the inscription “VIRTUTI PRO PATRIA”. The Grand Cross Breast Star was manufactured in either metal and embroidery.

History

The Military Order of Max Joseph was instituted on January 1, 1806 by Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. It was originally divided into three classes: Grand Cross, Commander’s Cross, and Knight’s Cross.

It was established to reward excellent military service and bravery. Individuals who received the order were knighted and thus permitted to add the title of “Ritter von” to their family name, and those who were not already members of the nobility were ennobled.
The descendants of two religious knights qualified for hereditary nobility.

Foreigners could receive the order, but did not receive a knighthood, thus were not permitted to use the title of “Ritter von”. Since the heads of states other than Bavaria could also bestow knighthood onto a subject, it is important to note that not all individuals with the title “Ritter von” were recipients of the Military Order of Max Joseph.
The Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown also carried with it a title of nobility and some noble families possessed the title.

The awards of the order began to be numbered on October 27, 1840. Following the collapse of the Bavarian monarchy in 1918, the Order became obsolete. However, outstanding award recommendations were issued until 1922.

The Military Order of Max Joseph is organized as such: Grand Cross and Grand Cross Breast Star, Commander Cross, Knight’s Cross, and Official’s Cross.

The Grand Cross was worn on a sash, but also on a neck ribbon.

Some versions of the Grand Cross Breast Star were manufactured by Juweliere Gebrüder Hemmerle vorm. Elchinger (Jewellers Brothers Hemmerle, formally Elchinger), Munich, and feature the silver hallmark
"900".